Which type of test directly measures brain structure or activity?

The focus of the question is on tests that provide direct measurements of brain structure or activity. Neurological tests are specifically designed for that purpose, utilizing various imaging techniques and diagnostic tools to assess the anatomy and functioning of the brain. Examples of such tests include MRI scans, CT scans, or EEGs, which allow professionals to visualize brain structures or measure electrical activity within the brain.

In contrast, psychological assessments typically encompass broader evaluations of mental functions and behavior, which may not directly involve brain measurement. Neuropsychological tests often assess cognitive functions linked to brain areas but do so indirectly by evaluating the effects of brain structure on behavior and cognitive performance, rather than directly measuring brain activity. Cognitive behavioral tests focus on understanding thoughts and behaviors and are not concerned with brain structure or activity at all.

Thus, neurological tests are the most appropriate choice because they focus specifically on the brain's physical and functional aspects, thereby meeting the requirement of directly measuring brain structure or activity.