Which theory suggests that we infer our attitudes by observing our own behavior?

Self-perception theory posits that individuals form their attitudes and beliefs by observing their own behavior and inferring what their attitudes must be based on that behavior. This theory, developed by psychologist Daryl Bem, challenges the traditional view that attitudes lead to behavior. Instead, it suggests that in situations where a person's internal states are ambiguous or unclear, they look at their own actions as a basis for understanding their feelings or attitudes toward an object or situation.

For example, if someone finds themselves volunteering often for community service, they might conclude that they have a positive attitude towards helping others based on that behavior. This self-observation can provide insights into personal beliefs that might not have been previously recognized.

Other theories listed do not focus on self-observation as a basis for inferring attitudes. Cognitive dissonance theory deals with the discomfort individuals feel when holding conflicting cognitions, leading them to change their beliefs or attitudes to reduce dissonance. Motivation theory explores the internal and external factors that drive behaviors, focusing more on the reasons behind actions rather than the inference of attitudes from those actions. Social comparison theory examines how individuals evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others, which does not directly address how attitudes are inferred from personal behavior.