Which of the following describes simple (random) sampling?

Simple (random) sampling is a technique where each member of a population has an equal chance of being selected to participate in a study. This method is designed to eliminate bias and ensure that the sample is representative of the entire population. Using a random number generator is a common method to achieve this randomness, as it enables the researcher to select participants in a way that does not favor any specific group or characteristic within the population.

This approach allows for more valid generalizations from the sample to the larger population, since every individual has an equal opportunity to be included in the study, thereby reducing systematic errors related to selection. In contrast, selecting participants based on specific characteristics, subgroup sampling, or volunteer self-selection introduce potential biases that can affect the study's outcomes and the applicability of the results to the larger population.