What structure connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain?

The corpus callosum is the primary structure that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain. This large bundle of neural fibers facilitates communication between the two hemispheres, allowing for the integration of cognitive functions and the coordination of sensory information. The corpus callosum plays a crucial role in ensuring that both sides of the brain can share information and work together seamlessly, which is essential for effective processing of tasks that require the involvement of both hemispheres.

The cerebellum, while involved in motor control and coordination, does not connect the hemispheres; it has a different anatomical and functional role. The pons is part of the brainstem and primarily serves as a relay station for signals between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex. The thalamus acts as a gateway for sensory information, channeling it to appropriate areas of the cortex but does not provide the connection between the hemispheres like the corpus callosum does.